Search results for " defense mechanisms"
showing 6 items of 6 documents
Coexposure to sulfamethoxazole and cadmium impairs development and attenuates transcriptional response in sea urchin embryo
2017
Abstract Among sulfonamides, sulfamethoxazole represents one of the most widely employed. A considerable amount of sulfamethoxazole is introduced into the marine environment after utilization in aquaculture. The cytotoxicity of sulfamethoxazole relies mainly on arylhydroxylamine metabolites and it is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species. Cadmium represents a metal largely employed in several anthropic activities and it is toxic for all living organisms even at low concentrations. Since it is not degraded, cadmium irreversibly accumulates into cells. In order to understand the mechanisms of response to changes in the chemical environment, we investigated by light microsc…
The role of eating disorders features, psychopathology, and defense mechanisms in the comprehension of orthorexic tendencies
2022
Abstract Purpose Recent studies pointed out the importance to distinguish orthorexia nervosa (ON) from non-problematic forms of interest with healthy eating. This distinction needs to be further explored since it may favor a better comprehension of the relationship between orthorexic behaviors and psychopathology and lead to an improved understanding of the psychological processes implicated in ON. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the associations between ON and the core features of eating disorders (EDs), psychopathological symptoms and defense mechanisms, by differentiating three groups of individuals: an ON symptoms group, a healthy-eating control group, and a n…
Effects of emotional picture viewing on voluntary eye blinks
2014
Eyeblinks, whether reflexive or voluntary, play an important role in protecting our vision. When viewing pictures, reflexive eyeblinks are known to be modulated by the emotional state induced thereby. More specifically, the hedonic valence (unpleasantness-pleasantness) induced by the picture has been shown to have a linear relationship with the amplitude of a startle blink elicited during picture viewing. This effect has been attributed to congruence between an ongoing state and task demands: an unpleasant emotional state is assumed to bias our attention towards potentially harmful stimuli, such as startle tones. However, recent research suggests that the valence-specific modulation may not…
Symbolic function explored in children with epilepsy and headache.
2007
Introduzione. L’attacco alla capacità di pensare è uno dei possibili effetti che possiamo osservare quando il corpo si ammala. Lo scopo di questo studio è esplorare la funzione simbolica in bambini con epilessia e cefalea. Metodi. Sono stati reclutati 75 piccoli pazienti della Clinica Neuropsichiatrica infantile dell’Università di Palermo - 48 maschi (61%) e 27 femmine (39%). Tutti soffrivano di epilessia (53 - 71%) e cefalea primaria (22 - 29%). La loro età variava dai 7 agli 11 anni (media: 9.4±1.2). È stato reclutato anche un gruppo di controllo composto da soggetti che non avevano mai sofferto di malattie croniche o neurologiche. Tale gruppo era pareggiato con il gruppo di pazienti per …
Expression of yeast but not human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease renders Chinese hamster cells more resistant to DNA damaging agents.
1997
Abasic sites represent ubiquitous DNA lesions that arise spontaneously or are induced by DNA-damaging agents. They block DNA replication and are considered to be cytotoxic and mutagenic. The key enzymes involved in the repair of abasic sites are apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonucleases which process these lesions in an error-free mechanism. To analyze the role of AP endonuclease in the protection of mammalian cells against DNA damaging agents, we have transfected both the human (APE) and the yeast (APN1) AP endonuclease in Chinese hamster cells and compared the effects of expression of these genes in stable transfectants as to survival of cells and formation of chromosomal aberrations. Alth…
Could emotional processing influence pain perception and quality of life in chronic kidney disease and hemodialyzed patients?
2017
Background and Objectives: The incidence of chronic pain is 11-24% in general population, whereas it affects 50% of hemodialyzed subjects and is often secondary to comorbidities, CKD-related complications and certain clinical procedures. Consequently, a better approach in evaluating pain as a “symptom” and in managing it adequately is required for these patients. Methods: 33% of the 300 patients enrolled properly consigned the questionnaires. The mean age of dialyzed patients was 52.2±11.2 years, whereas 54.9±10.7 years was the mean age for CKD patients. Moreover, 53 healthy subjects, ages 20-65, have been included in the study as control group. Specific psycho-diagnostic tests were adminis…